Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
What increased gut immune cells mean for dogs with chronic gut
By Nakashima, K et al.·Published in Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)·2023·Japan Small Animal Medical Center, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Prognostic value of increased intraepithelial lymphocytes and lymphocytic clonality in dogs with chronic enteropathy or small-cell lymphoma.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with chronic gastrointestinal issues (chronic enteropathy) and some diagnosed with small-cell lymphoma were studied to see how certain test results affected their survival. The researchers found that dogs with severe infiltration of small intraepithelial lymphocytes (a type of immune cell) and specific genetic changes had a shorter overall survival time. For dogs diagnosed with small-cell lymphoma, the average survival was about 700 days, while those with chronic enteropathy had variable outcomes. This suggests that monitoring these specific test results can help veterinarians predict how well these dogs might do over time.
People also search for: dog chronic enteropathy treatment · small-cell lymphoma in dogs prognosis · dog lymphocyte levels meaning
Abstract
The clinical significance of severe infiltration of small intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) and the results of polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) in dogs with chronic enteropathy (CE) and small-cell lymphoma (SCL) are controversial. This cohort study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of the IEL and PARR results in dogs with CE or SCL. Although definitive diagnostic histopathological criteria for SCL in dogs have yet to be established, dogs with the histopathological findings of severe IEL infiltration were diagnosed with SCL in this study. One hundred and nineteen dogs were recruited, with 23 dogs classified as having SCL and 96 dogs as having CE. The positive rate of PARR was 59.6 % (71/119) in the duodenum and 57.7 % (64/111) in the ileum. Subsequently, three dogs with SCL and four dogs with CE developed large-cell lymphoma (LCL). The median overall survival (OS) of dogs with SCL was 700 days (range, 6-1410 days), and that of dogs with CE was not reached. In the log-rank test, shorter OS was observed in cases with histopathological SCL (P = 0.035), clonal TCRγ rearrangement in the duodenum (P = 0.012), and clonal IgH rearrangement in the ileum (P < 0.0001). The Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for sex and age showed that histopathological SCL (hazard ratio [HR] 1.74; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.83-3.65), duodenal clonal TCRγ rearrangement (HR, 1.80; 95 % CI, 0.86-3.75), and ileal clonal IgH rearrangement (HR, 2.28; 95 % CI, 0.92-5.70) could shorten overall survival, although their 95 % CIs included 1.0. These results indicate that severe IEL infiltration could be a useful histopathological feature for diagnosing SCL, and clonality-positive results could be a negative prognostic factor in dogs with CE. Furthermore, the development of LCL should be carefully monitored in dogs with CE and SCL..
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37178863/