Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Magnesium levels in dogs with chronic kidney disease versus healthy
By de Lima, Charles Silva et al.·Published in Topics in companion animal medicine·2022·Veterinary Teaching Hospital/Animal Science Graduate Program, Brazil·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Renal Magnesium Handling: A Comparison Between Dogs With Chronic Kidney Disease and Healthy Elderly Dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) showed higher levels of magnesium in their urine compared to healthy older dogs. This study included 43 dogs with CKD and 16 healthy elderly dogs, and it found that as the CKD progressed, the magnesium excretion increased significantly. This suggests that dogs with CKD may handle magnesium differently than healthy dogs. Understanding these differences could help veterinarians better manage kidney disease in dogs and its potential effects on heart health.
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and aging are known to possibly cause a progressive reduction in glomerular filtration rate, which may be associated with an increase in fractional excretion of electrolytes due to an adaptive response of the remaining functioning nephrons. However, the behavior of magnesium excretion has not been studied in CKD and healthy elderly dogs. The objective was to evaluate the fractional excretion of magnesium (FEMg) in dogs with (CKD) compared to healthy elderly dogs. Sixteen healthy elderly dogs and 43 dogs with CKD were divided into 3 groups (CKD 2 [n = 14], CKD 3 [n = 17], CKD 4 [n = 12]), in accordance with the current International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) criteria that were used in this study. Blood samples were obtained by jugular venipuncture and urine samples were obtained by cystocentesis. The FEMg was evaluated at a single time point in both urine and blood samples. FEMg was significantly higher in dogs with CKD compared to healthy elderly dogs, especially in advanced stages. This preliminary study demonstrates that FEMg may be altered in dogs with CKD. Further research is warranted to elucidate magnesium's potential role in cardiovascular and arterial calcification in dogs with CKD as observed in humans with CKD.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34610438/