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Peer-reviewed veterinary case report

Surgical views: Surgical treatment of urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in dogs.

Journal:
Compendium (Yardley, PA)
Year:
2009
Authors:
McLoughlin, Mary A & Chew, Dennis J
Affiliation:
The Ohio State University · United States
Species:
dog

Abstract

Urinary incontinence--loss of voluntary control over the retention and expulsion of urine--is a common medical problem in small animal patients. Incontinence occur when pressure within the bladder exceeds urethral pressure. Incontinence may result from a variety of etiologies, including congenital anatomic abnormalities of the lower urinary and reproductive systems (ureter, bladder, bladder neck, urethra, vagina,vestibule) as well as neurologic, neoplastic, infectious, and inflammatory disease.

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Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19866443/