Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
FML vaccine blocks transmission of canine visceral leishmaniasis
By Saraiva, Elvira M et al.·Published in Vaccine·2006·Instituto de Microbiologia, Brazil·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: The FML-vaccine (Leishmune) against canine visceral leishmaniasis: a transmission blocking vaccine.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs was vaccinated with the Leishmune vaccine to protect against canine visceral leishmaniasis, a serious disease spread by sand flies. The vaccine was found to be highly effective, providing up to 97% protection against the disease by preventing the parasite from developing in the sand flies that bite them. Even a year after vaccination, the dogs still had strong antibodies that significantly reduced the chances of infection. This means that vaccinating your dog can help protect not just them, but also reduce the spread of the disease in the environment.
People also search for: dog leishmaniasis vaccine · Leishmune vaccine effectiveness · how to protect dog from sand flies
Abstract
Transmission blocking vaccines are one of the control strategies for vector-transmitted protozoan diseases. Antibodies raised in the vaccinated host prevent the development of the parasite in the insect vector, interrupting the epidemiological cycle. The FML antigen of Leishmania donovani in combination with saponin (FML-vaccine and Leishmune) induced 92-97% of protections against zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis. We assayed the ability of FML to inhibit Leishmania donovani and Leishmania chagasi procyclic promastigote-binding to dissected Lutzomyia longipalpis midguts. We found a dose-dependent inhibition, more pronounced on L. donovani (80%) than on L. chagasi promastigotes (p<0.001). On the other hand, the Fab-IgG serum fraction of Leishmune vaccinated dogs (IgG2 predominant), also inhibited parasite binding in a dose-response (p<0.0001) with an equally potent effect against L. donovani or L. chagasi (p = 0.061). The transmission blocking properties of the Leishmune vaccine was also assessed by an in vivo membrane assay, with sand flies fed with 1.5 x 10(7) amastigotes, human blood and, vaccinated or normal control dog sera. Significantly higher values were found in rate of infection (p<0.025) and intensity of infection (number of parasites/insect) (p<0.05) of control sand flies, making a very reduced infection index (20.7%) in the vaccine group. Our results disclosed that the Leishmune vaccine is a TBV, and that the dog antibodies present in sera, even 12 months after vaccination, lead to a significant effective protection of 79.3%.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16386824/