Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How afoxolaner and milbemycin chewables act in dogs' bodies
By Letendre, L et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics·2017·Merial, United States·View original on PubMed →
PetCaseFinder translated the abstract of this peer-reviewed paper into plain English so pet owners can read it. We do not publish original research — every detail traces back to the citation above. How we work →
Original publication title: The intravenous and oral pharmacokinetics of afoxolaner and milbemycin oxime when used as a combination chewable parasiticide for dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study looked at how well a combination chewable treatment for dogs, called NexGard Spectra, works to fight parasites. This treatment contains two active ingredients: afoxolaner and milbemycin oxime. After dogs took the chewable, afoxolaner reached effective levels in their blood within 2-4 hours, while milbemycin oxime took 1-2 hours. The treatment showed a long-lasting effect, making it effective against both external parasites like fleas and internal parasites like worms.
People also search for: dog flea and worm treatment · NexGard Spectra for dogs · how long does NexGard take to work
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of afoxolaner and milbemycin oxime (A3 and A4 forms) in dogs were evaluated following the oral administration of NexGard Spectra(Merial), a fixed combination chewable formulation of these two active pharmaceutical ingredients. Absorption of actives was rapid at levels that provide the minimum effective doses of 2.5 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg of afoxolaner and milbemycin oxime, respectively. The time to maximum afoxolaner plasma concentrations (t) was 2-4 h. The milbemycin twas 1-2 h. The terminal plasma half-life (t) and the oral bioavailability were 14 ± 3 days and 88.3% for afoxolaner, 1.6 ± 0.4 days and 80.5% for milbemycin oxime A3 and 3.3 ± 1.4 days and 65.1% for milbemycin oxime A4. The volume of distribution (V) and systemic clearance (Cls) were determined following an IV dose of afoxolaner or milbemycin oxime. The Vwas 2.6 ± 0.6, 2.7 ± 0.4 and 2.6 ± 0.6 L/kg for afoxolaner, milbemycin oxime A3 and milbemycin oxime A4, respectively. The Cls was 5.0 ± 1.2, 75 ± 22 and 41 ± 12 mL/h/kg for afoxolaner, milbemycin oxime A3 and milbemycin oxime A4, respectively. The pharmacokinetic profile for the combination of afoxolaner and milbemycin oxime supports the rapid onset and a sustained efficacy for afoxolaner against ectoparasites and the known endoparasitic activity of milbemycin oxime.
Find similar cases for your pet
PetCaseFinder finds other peer-reviewed reports of pets with the same symptoms, plus a plain-English summary of what was tried across them.
Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27604405/