Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Side effects of lomustine and cyclophosphamide in dogs with lymphoma
By Rassnick, Kenneth M et al.·Published in Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association·2014·Veterinary Medical Center of Central New York, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Tolerability of lomustine in combination with cyclophosphamide in dogs with lymphoma.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with lymphoma were treated with a combination of two chemotherapy drugs, lomustine and cyclophosphamide, to see how well they tolerated the treatment. While most dogs handled the drugs well, about 30% experienced a serious drop in white blood cell counts, which can lead to infections. Fortunately, there were no signs of kidney damage or severe bladder issues, and only a few dogs showed mild stomach problems. Overall, the treatment was considered tolerable, and the dogs were monitored closely for any side effects.
People also search for: dog lymphoma treatment · lomustine side effects in dogs · chemotherapy for dogs with cancer
Abstract
This retrospective study describes toxicity associated with a protocol of lomustine (CCNU) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) in dogs with lymphoma. CCNU was administered per os (PO) at a targeted dosage of 60 mg/m(2) body surface area on day 0, CTX was administered PO at a targeted dosage of 250 mg/m(2) divided over days 0 through 4, and all dogs received prophylactic antibiotics. Ninety treatments were given to the 57 dogs included in the study. Neutropenia was the principal toxic effect, and the overall frequency of grade 4 neutropenia after the first treatment of CCNU/CTX was 30% (95% confidence interval, 19-43%). The mean body weight of dogs with grade 4 neutropenia (19.7 kg ± 13.4 kg) was significantly less than the mean body weight of dogs that did not develop grade 4 neutropenia (31.7 kg ± 12.4 kg; P = .005). One dog (3%) developed hematologic changes suggestive of hepatotoxicity. No dogs had evidence of either renal toxicity or hemorrhagic cystitis. Adverse gastrointestinal effects were uncommon. On the basis of the findings reported herein, a dose of 60 mg/m(2) of CCNU combined with 250 mg/m(2) of CTX (divided over 5 days) q 4 wk is tolerable in tumor-bearing dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24659727/