Use of electrophysical agents (EPAs) in small animal veterinary practice

Abstract

Animal physiotherapists have used electrophysical agents (EPAs) within their field of rehabilitation to aid a number of conditions within the musculoskeletal and neurological system. The use of EPAs in the animal health care arena is not exclusive to animal physiotherapists, but these agents are possibly most commonly utilised by physiotherapists. Not all EPAs are equally useful for every situation, and an understanding of what modality is best used for specific conditions or problems is vital to their efficacy. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the most commonly used EPAs, where they are best used and for what reasons.