Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Vaccination cuts infection spread from Leishmania dogs to sand flies
By Bongiorno, Gioia et al.·Published in Veterinary parasitology·2013·MIPI Department, Italy·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Vaccination with LiESP/QA-21 (CaniLeish®) reduces the intensity of infection in Phlebotomus perniciosus fed on Leishmania infantum infected dogs--a preliminary xenodiagnosis study.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
Ten Beagle dogs infected with Leishmania infantum were studied to see how effective the CaniLeish vaccine was at reducing the risk of spreading the infection through sand fly bites. Among the vaccinated dogs, fewer sand flies became infected compared to those that fed on unvaccinated dogs, suggesting that the vaccine may help lower the chances of transmission. Specifically, only 10 out of 82 sand flies from vaccinated dogs carried the parasites, while 30 out of 49 from nonvaccinated dogs did. These findings indicate that the CaniLeish vaccine could be beneficial in controlling the spread of this disease in dogs.
People also search for: Leishmania in dogs · CaniLeish vaccine effectiveness · dog sand fly transmission · Beagle Leishmania treatment
Abstract
Ten Beagle dogs at different stages of Leishmania infantum infection, among which 6 had received a full course of LiESP/QA-21 (CaniLeish(®); Virbac) vaccination, were exposed to the bites of reared Phlebotomus perniciosus to assesses their infectiousness potential. This was found to be negligible/nil in 2 seronegative dogs with subpatent infection. Among the 8 dogs with active infection (=positive serology, bone-marrow qualitative PCR and lymph node culture), 2/5 vaccinated (40.0%) and 2/3 nonvaccinated dogs (66.7%) were infectious to the sand flies (p=0.5). However significantly fewer of the sand flies which fed on the vaccinated dogs were infected when compared to those which fed on the control dogs (10/82 compared to 30/49) (chi-squared test, p<0.0001; mixed binomial model with the dog identity included as a random effect, p=0.03). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the proportion of sand flies with >500 parasites in their gut (i.e. a higher risk for subsequent transmission): 3.7% for vaccinated dogs compared with 28.6% for nonvaccinated dogs (Fisher's exact test, p<0.0001; binomial mixed model, p=0.006). Although preliminary, these results suggest value in further investigations on L. infantum transmissibility parameters in LiESP/QA-21 vaccinated dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23747102/