Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Vaccine and insecticide collar reduce Leishmania in Brazilian dogs
By Lopes, E G et al.·Published in Epidemiology and infection·2018·Departamento de Medicina Veteriná, Brazil·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Vaccine effectiveness and use of collar impregnated with insecticide for reducing incidence of Leishmania infection in dogs in an endemic region for visceral leishmaniasis, in Brazil.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
In Brazil, dogs in areas where visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is common were tested for protection against this disease using a vaccine and an insecticide-impregnated collar. The study found that while the vaccines had some effectiveness, they were not strong enough to reliably protect dogs from infection. However, the insecticide collar showed better promise, reducing the incidence of VL more effectively than the vaccines. This suggests that using these collars could be a more reliable way to help keep dogs safe from this serious disease.
People also search for: dog leishmaniasis prevention · insecticide collar for dogs · vaccine effectiveness for dog diseases
Abstract
Although a national programme for control of visceral leishmaniosis (VL) is being run in Brazil, the disease continues to spread. This programme is essentially based on culling infected dogs from endemic regions. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop other control measures against VL to deter its advance. Here, a subunit vaccine, a recombinant vaccine, an insecticide-impregnated collar and the associations between these measures were evaluated for reducing the incidence of Leishmania infection in dogs. This was through a cohort study conducted in an endemic region of Brazil, considering the incidence and time of total exposure over a period of 1 year. The incidence of VL was estimated by means of serological and molecular diagnostic tests, 180 and 360 days after the application of the control measures. The estimates of the effectiveness (EF) were not significant in any cohort. The EF of the subunit vaccine, the recombinant vaccine and the collar were 26.4%, 32.8% and 57.7% and the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for EF were 63.7%, 67.9% and 82.5%, respectively. In conclusion, under the conditions of this study, none of the immunogens for VL control was sufficiently effective to protect dogs against infection. On the other hand, use of collars impregnated with insecticide seems to constitute a method with better prognosis, corroborating other studies in this field.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29345601/