Malignant pilomatricoma tumor in a Wheaten Terrier dog

Abstract

A 3-year-old, castrated male, soft-coated Wheaten Terrier was presented for evaluation of mild lameness, fecal incontinence, lumbosacral pain, and lack of anal tone. Magnetic resonance imaging scan showed a large (8 x 6 x 5 cm) mass invading and expanding the pelvic bones, sacrum, and associated structures. A fine-needle aspirate of the mass contained many neoplastic cells with high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios and rare spindle and inflammatory cells. The neoplastic cells were 12-16 mum in diameter, round to cuboidal, basaloid in appearance, and arranged both individually and in loosely cohesive clusters with variably distinct cell borders. Given the location, signalment, and cytologic findings, differential interpretations included a primitive embryonal tumor (eg, neuroblastoma or nephroblastoma in an atypical location) or poorly differentiated carcinoma. The owner elected euthanasia due to the poor prognosis. Abnormal gross findings on necropsy included the pelvic mass and multiple firm, pale, pink-tan nodules in the lung, which proved to be metastases. On histologic examination, the mass and nodules were composed of irregular islands, lobules, and nests of basaloid cells, which transitioned abruptly into large lakes of "ghost" cells with areas of ossification and calcification, consistent with a diagnosis of malignant pilomatricoma. This unusual presentation of a pilomatricoma adds to our knowledge of expected cytologic findings for this tumor.