Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Protease-Activated Receptor-2 Linked to Worse Outcomes in Dog Mammary
By Kaji, Kenjiro et al.·Published in Veterinary pathology·2021·Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Protease-Activated Receptor-2 Is Associated With Adverse Outcomes in Canine Mammary Carcinoma.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study looked at 31 dogs with mammary tumors and found that those with higher levels of a protein called PAR2 had shorter survival times. The research showed that PAR2 was not present in normal mammary tissue but was found in varying amounts in the tumors. Dogs with high PAR2 levels were more likely to have advanced cancer and lymph node involvement. This suggests that PAR2 may help tumors grow and spread, indicating it could be a factor in how serious the cancer is. Understanding PAR2's role could help veterinarians predict outcomes and tailor treatments for dogs with mammary cancer.
People also search for: dog mammary cancer survival rate · canine mammary tumor treatment · what is PAR2 in dogs
Abstract
Protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) is a G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by serine proteases. In humans, PAR2 is highly expressed in various cancers, including breast cancer, and is associated with cancer progression and metastasis. However, the expression and roles of PAR2 in canine mammary carcinoma remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of PAR2 in canine mammary carcinoma, the association between PAR2 expression and clinical characteristics, and the role of PAR2 in the metastatic phenotypes of tumor cells. Mammary carcinoma from 31 dogs and 10 normal mammary glands were included in this study, and used for immunohistochemical analysis of PAR2 expression. Normal mammary glands did not express PAR2. In contrast, mammary carcinomas showed PAR2 immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm, and its expression level varied between specimens from negative to strongly positive. The overall survival of dogs with high PAR2 expression was shorter than that of dogs with low PAR2 expression. Moreover, PAR2 expression level was associated with the presence of lymph node involvement, advanced clinical stage, and high histopathological grade. In vitro analyses revealed that a PAR2 agonist accelerated cell migration and invasion in a canine mammary carcinoma cell line. In addition, the PAR2 agonist induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and actin polymerization. These results suggest that PAR2 expression plays a role in tumor progression and clinical outcomes in canine mammary carcinoma.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33054598/