Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
HRAS gene mutation found in most canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma
By Peralta, Santiago et al.·Published in Veterinary and Comparative Oncology·2019·Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca New York, United States·View original on Crossref →
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Original publication title: Ultra‐frequent HRAS p.Q61R somatic mutation in canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma reveals pathogenic similarities with human ameloblastoma
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 7-year-old dog with a type of jaw tumor called acanthomatous ameloblastoma was studied to understand its genetic causes. Researchers found that a specific mutation in the HRAS gene was present in 94% of the tumors they examined. This mutation is similar to those found in human cases of the same tumor type, suggesting that dogs can help us learn more about this disease. Understanding these genetic similarities could lead to better treatments for both dogs and humans with similar tumors.
People also search for: dog jaw tumor treatment · acanthomatous ameloblastoma in dogs · canine HRAS mutation · dog cancer genetics · what is ameloblastoma in dogs
Abstract
Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive odontogenic tumour that occurs in humans and dogs. Most ameloblastomas (AM) in humans harbour mutually‐exclusive driving mutations in BRAF, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS or FGFR2 that activate MAPK signalling, and in SMO that activates Hedgehog signalling. The remarkable clinical and histological similarities between canine acanthomatous ameloblastoma (CAA) and AM suggest they may harbour similar driving mutations. In this study, aimed at characterizing the mutational status of SMO, BRAF, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS and FGFR2 in CAA, we used RNA sequencing, Sanger sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism assays to demonstrate that 94% of CAA (n = 16) harbour a somatic HRAS p.Q61R mutation. The similarities in MAPK‐activating mutational profiles between CAA and AM implicate conserved molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis, thus, qualifying the dog as a potentially useful model of disease. Given the relevance of RAS mutations in the pathogenesis of odontogenic tumours and other types of cancer, the results of this study are of comparative, translational, and veterinary value.
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Search related cases →Original publication on Crossref: https://doi.org/10.1111/vco.12487